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指对比较大小

8.已知三个互异的正实数$a$,$b$,$c$满足$c = 2\ln\frac{c}{a} + a$,$b = \log_{\frac{\sqrt{5}}{5}}\frac{1}{2^{a} + 1}$,则关于$a$,$b$,$c$下列判断正确的是(    )

A.$a < b < c$  B.$a > b > c$  C.$\left| a - c \right| < \left| b - 2 \right|$  D.$\left| a - c \right| > \left| b - 2 \right|$

解 $\because c = 2\ln\frac{c}{a} + a$

$\therefore c - 2\ln c = a - 2\ln a$,$\sqrt{5}^{b} = 2^{a} + 1$

设$f(x) = x - 2\ln x$,则$f'(x) = 1 - \frac{2}{x} = \frac{x - 2}{x}$

$\therefore x > 2$时$f(x)$单增,$x < 2$时$f(x)$单减

$\because f(c) = f(a)$

$\therefore a$与$c$必然一个大于2,一个小于2

若$0 < a < 2$,$c > 2$,则$\sqrt{5}^{b} = 2^{a} + 1 < 5$,$b < 2$

设$g(x) = \left( \frac{2}{\sqrt{5}} \right)^{x} + \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{5}} \right)^{x}$,显然$g(x)$单减且$g(2) = 1$

$\therefore g(a) = \left( \frac{2}{\sqrt{5}} \right)^{a} + \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{5}} \right)^{a} = \left( 2^{a} + 1 \right)\left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{5}} \right)^{a} = \sqrt{5}^{b - a} > g(2) = 1$

$\therefore b > a$

$\therefore 0 < a < b < 2 < c$

$\therefore \left| a - c \right| > \left| b - 2 \right|$

同理,若$0 < c < 2$,$a > 2$时可得$0 < c < b < 2 < a$

$\therefore \left| a - c \right| > \left| b - 2 \right|$ 故选 D

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