12. 已知 $a>b>1$,则下列结论正确的是( )
A. $e^{a-b}>\dfrac{a}{b}$ B. $\dfrac{\ln a}{a}>\dfrac{\ln(b+1)}{b+1}$ C. $\log_{a}^{a+1}>\log_{b}^{b+1}$ D. $\dfrac{a}{b}>\dfrac{a^{b}}{b^{a}}$
解:对 A 可化为 $\dfrac{e^{a}}{e^{b}}>\dfrac{a}{b}$,即 $\dfrac{e^{a}}{a}>\dfrac{e^{b}}{b}$
令 $f(x)=\dfrac{e^{x}}{x}$,则 $f'(x)=\dfrac{e^{x}(x-1)}{x^{2}}$
$\therefore x>1$ 时 $f(x)$ 单增
$\because a>b>1$
$\therefore \dfrac{e^{a}}{a}>\dfrac{e^{b}}{b}$,故 A 正确
对于 B 选项,显然 $a=b+1$ 时 $\dfrac{\ln a}{a}=\dfrac{\ln(b+1)}{b+1}$,故 B 错误
对于 C 选项
设 $g(x)=\log_{x}^{x+1}=\dfrac{\ln(x+1)}{\ln x}$,则 $g'(x)=\dfrac{x\ln x-(x+1)\ln(x+1)}{x(x+1)(\ln x)^{2}}$
$\therefore g'(x)<0$,$g(x)$ 单减
$\therefore \log_{a}^{a+1}<\log_{b}^{b+1}$。故 C 错误
选项 D 可化为 $\dfrac{b^{a}}{b}>\dfrac{a^{b}}{a}$
即 $b^{a-1}>a^{b-1}$
两边取对数得 $(a-1)\ln b>(b-1)\ln a$
两边同时除以 $(a-1)(b-1)$ 得 $\dfrac{\ln b}{b-1}>\dfrac{\ln a}{a-1}$
设 $h(x)=\dfrac{\ln x}{x-1}(x>1)$,则 $h'(x)=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\ln x}{(x-1)^{2}}$
令 $t(x)=1-\dfrac{1}{x}-\ln x$,则 $t'(x)=\dfrac{1}{x^{2}}-\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1-x}{x^{2}}$
$\therefore x>1$ 时 $t'(x)<0$,$t(x)$ 单减
$\because t(1)=0$
$\therefore x>1$ 时,$t(x)<0$
$\therefore h'(x)<0$
$\therefore x>1$ 时 $h(x)$ 单减
$\therefore \dfrac{\ln b}{b-1}>\dfrac{\ln a}{a-1}$,故 D 正确